Tuesday, September 28, 2010

Hate: The Queen of Poisons (A Short Story)

“Estimated time of death?”


“Between six and seven hours ago.”


“So that puts us at what? Midnight? One o’clock in the morning?”


“Yea. That’s about right. I can let you know more after I get him back to the lab and perform the autopsy.”


“Okay great. Let me know as soon as you find out anything. Something about this seems odd to me.”


Sergeant Cinthia Williams of the Albuquerque Police Department glanced at her watch as she spoke with Dr. Marcia McKalister, APD’s medical examiner and pathologist. At 7AM on that crisp January Tuesday morning Williams already had several ongoing investigations awaiting her at the department, and no amount of mystery surrounding the death of Kirk Manfrey would materialize the case into a criminal investigation until the autopsy reports returned. Shaking her head to clear the cobwebs and regain her focus, Williams left the Manfrey home and drove to the APD headquarters in downtown Albuquerque.


While she drove, memories of Kirk Manfrey flitted in and out of her mind like birds in the early morning light. Cinthia and Kirk attended high school together and, although they graduated in the same class, moved in very different circles. Kirk was a jock, a football player, but he went against the stereotype by excelling academically. In fact, he received a full ride to Vanderbilt University—half of which was to play football, and the other half because of his high ACT scores and high school 3.9 GPA. While Kirk Manfrey stood out on paper, his personal integrity fell far below the mark as he bullied both his friends and foes, and earned a scarlet A for his animal-wild party habits. Cinthia, on the other hand, while also excelling in school was involved in less than popular and “cool” extracurricular activities such as the high school newspaper, ROTC, and the young law enforcers club. She also worked part time at the local library. She had attended the police academy in New Mexico rather than attending a four-year college, although she had been offered a significant scholarship to the University of New Mexico. Kirk’s type made fun of Cinthia’s type, while hers avoided his like the plague. Until this morning, Cinthia had made no contact with Kirk nor had she heard any news about his accomplishments, or perhaps lack thereof, since high school graduation. There had, as yet, been no reunions, although they were due for their ten-year reunion in the spring. What had happened to him in the last nine and a half years? What sort of person was he now? Why had he died so suddenly at barely twenty-eight years of age?


As thoughts and questions filled her head, Cinthia decided to make a pit stop to grab some coffee to help her focus before she began her work.
By noon, Cinthia had made little headway on the files of cases stacked on her desk. She was preoccupied, curious. Even her partner noticed, though he refrained from commenting. Something was up, but Ben Michelson knew that Cinthia would talk only when and if she wanted to share her thoughts. At three o’clock she let him in on her private musings.


“It’s so weird that Kirk Manfrey just up and died out of the blue. It doesn’t make sense. Something doesn’t add up,” Cinthia blurted without introduction.


“Yea?” Ben coaxed. “Did the autopsy reports come back already?”


“No, not yet…but still…there’s something rotten in Denmark…”


“Well there’s nothing we can do about it till the official report comes back and confirms that something is awry,” he laughed. She frowned back. “Say, didn’t you graduate from high school with that guy?”


“Yea, in 2000.”


“Were you guys friends?”


“Not exactly…”


“Lovers? Now, don’t tell me you lost your virginity to this guy in the backseat of his mom’s minivan after your senior prom!” Ben joked. Cinthia punched him in the arm as he ducked and tried to block the blow.


“What is wrong with you? No! Of course, not! You’re crazy!” she defended herself.


“But no, seriously, we moved in very different circles. I don’t have very good memories of this guy.”


“Care to share?”


“Not really. But I will anyway. See, in middle school I had a lot of acne. You know, angry red bumps like fire-ant bites all over my face?”


“You? No way! You’ve got to be kidding me! A beauty like you with acne?” Ben teased.


“Would you be serious for once? I really did have terrible acne then. I was super self-conscious about it, and some days I’d try to find ways to stay home from school rather than allow the light of day to shine on my pimply face. Anyway, one day in seventh grade Kirk Manfrey told me that my face had so many zits on it I looked like I had a thousand Mount Vesuvius’ erupting on my face. You may think it’s funny now, but I never forgot it. Now, keep in mind though, that this guy wasn’t some ugly turd with nothing better to do. He was the athletic stud of our school from elementary school on up. “


“Gee. I didn’t think you cared so much about what other people think.”


“I don’t now. I did then. Jerks like Kirk Manfrey have taught me not to care about what others think, only to care about the opinions of those who truly love you.”


“Well it’s nice to know that something nice came out of his bullying.”


“Yea, really. I’m not plotting his murder to get revenge for things said or done to me fifteen years ago. I could’ve become a mass murderer you know. Brought a gun to school and shot all those jerks like Kirk,” Cinthia somberly joked.


“Yea, you’ve got a point there. Now you’re trying to solve a mystery behind his death that’s not even really there yet. Kind of ironic, huh? Say, you’re not trying to confess something to me here are you?”


“Huh? What are you talking about Michelson?”


“You didn’t do it, did you? If you confess now I can try to work out a deal for you.
Maybe you can plead insanity brought on by childhood abuse.”


“Knock it off will you Ben? You’re crazy! You know I didn’t do it. I’m a trained police officer and detective, and when I smell a skunk, it’s my job to tree him.”


“I know, Cinthia, I know. I’m just giving you a hard time. It’s funny when you get so riled up at my attempts at humor.”


“Yea, you can say attempts again, but this time add the word lame in front of it.”


“Easy there killer! But seriously, don’t you think you’re barking up a tree that hasn’t even been planted at a skunk that’s really just a cute, harmless kitten?”


“Who said kittens were harmless?”


“Okay, okay. I’m just saying…”


“Well, let me bark, okay?”


“Okay, fine. I’ll leave you alone. Just don’t pull out your rifle to shoot the skunk until you get back an autopsy report that reveals foul play.”


“Okay. It’s a deal.”


As Cinthia prepared to leave her office that evening around 5:30, the phone rang.
Although she debated ignoring the call, she decided to answer under the slim chance that maybe it would be Marcia calling with the autopsy report.


“Hello? This is Sgt. Cinthia Williams speaking. How may I serve you?”


“Cinthia! I’m glad you answered. I was afraid I’d missed you and you had already left for home,” Dr. Marcia McKalister said excitedly into the phone.


“Nope. I’m still here, unfortunately. It’s been a long day. I was just heading out the door.”


“Oh, I’m sorry dear. I apologize for bothering you, but is there any way you can drop by my lab on your way home? I’ve got something I think you ought to see.”


“What is it Marcia? Does this have to do with Kirk Manfrey?”


“I can’t talk about this over the phone, dear. You just need to come down here and see for yourself. But to answer your second question: yes, it does relate to Kirk Manfrey.”


“Ok. Don’t go anywhere. I’ll be there in fifteen minutes tops.”


“I’m not going anywhere, so do me a favor and don’t wreck on your way over here. I’ve done enough autopsies for the day.”


“Yea, yea. I’ll be careful. See you in a few.”


As Cinthia parked her car in the parking lot and raced towards the double automatic doors of the building beside the hospital in downtown Albuquerque that housed Dr. Marcia McKalister’s pathology lab, her heart beat wildly as she wondered what on earth was so important that she needed to present herself in person. Marcia hardly ever called her down to the lab. It was sacred territory to the pathologist. She didn’t want just anyone gaping and gagging at the dead bodies and human remains that she tested and searched, trying to reveal the secrets their breathless bodies could no longer tell. Something was definitely out of the ordinary. Ben must certainly have been mistaken that she was barking up an invisible tree at an imaginary skunk.
Marcia greeted her as she stepped off the elevator and onto the second floor. Cinthia followed her down the hallway to the door of the lab and, as she swiped her keycard through the sensor by the door, Marcia exclaimed, “You’re not going to believe this Cindi.”


“What? What did you find? Was I right about Kirk’s death being no accident?”


“Well, actually, I found nothing wrong, nothing out of the ordinary, which is what gave me a red flag that something was amiss. I obtained access to Manfrey’s health records—he had an annual physical just two weeks ago, and he was perfectly healthy. No high cholesterol, no heart problems or high blood pressure. Nothing that could’ve, or perhaps should’ve, caused death at such a young age. He was only barely twenty-eight, you know?”


“Yes, I know. I went to high school with him, remember?”


“Oh, yes. Now I do remember you mentioning that this morning.”


“Well? So what did you do? Is that all?”


“I’m getting there, dear. Just give me a moment.”


“I’m sorry, Marcia. I’m just eager to know what truly happened to Kirk.”


“It’s okay. Anyway, nothing showed in the preliminary tox screening I sent out, so I ordered a secondary panel that is, um, how should I say it? More extensive? It screens for more than the usual sorts of toxins we see everyday in Albuquerque.”


“I see. Have you gotten that back yet?”


“Yes. It came just half an hour ago, which is why I called you.”


“Well?”


“The results showed trace amounts of aconite, an herb that is very rarely seen in the US, but is one of the most formidable natural poisons that can be found in the world today. It’s also known as ‘Monk’s Hood’ or ‘Wolfs bane.’ ”


“You mean like Wolfs bane from Harry Potter?”


“Yes, exactly.”


“But I thought that was imaginary, made up.”


“Well, J.K. Rowling’s books are fiction, my dear, but certain aspects are not purely fictional. Wolfs bane is real and, unfortunately, usually fatal.”


“You’re funny Marcia. But really, how did it kill Manfrey?”
“That part I’m not sure about. See, aconite is a plant, a flower really. It is native to England, but also can be found in South Wales and other surrounding areas, but not the US. I’m not sure how he came into contact with it. That’s what you have to find out. However, I am sending the contents of his stomach and intestines to be tested. Certain foods, such as curry, disguise the flavor of the aconite herb, so if we can find out what he ate and who served it to him, you might have a lead.”


“Excellent. Marcia, you’re great.”


“Yea, yea. Great…and underappreciated and overworked.”


“Now, that’s not entirely true. What would we do without you?”


“You’d get nowhere fast, that’s for sure. Now wait a minute, don’t go running out that door. There’s more you should know.”

“Yea?”


“If you’re going to start asking questions, you should know some of the symptoms of aconite poisoning. It might help you get somewhere; get a better idea of when exactly Kirk was poisoned. After all, it can take several days or just a few hours for the herb to be fatal after ingestion if left untreated.”


“Right. So what should I know?”


“Symptoms include numbness and tingling in the mouth, cold, pale, and clammy skin, irregular pulse, weakness, nausea and vomiting, as well as difficulty breathing. Victim may feel like ants are crawling all over his body. Often, victim will act giddy while at the same time staggering about; however, the mind remains clear till nearly the end.”


“Wow, that sounds like fun. Seems like he would’ve complained to someone about those symptoms at some point.”


“My thoughts exactly.”


“Thanks Marcia. I owe you.”


“Don’t mention it. Now get out of here and solve this mystery. I’ll let you know when I hear anything more.”


Before she even reached the elevator, Cinthia had her phone in her hand and was dialing her partner’s number. He picked up on the first ring.
“Found your skunk?” Ben Michelson asked sarcastically.


“Yea, actually. I did. Can you meet me back at the office for a quick briefing? We may have a long night ahead of us.”


“Yea, I’ll be there in fifteen. And you can leave off the ‘I told you so.’”


“I never even thought about it. See you in a few.” As she hung up the phone and climbed in her car, Cinthia mentally made a list of all the people they should interview before calling her boss to let him in on the situation. An hour later Cinthia and Ben left the office to return to Kirk Manfrey’s home.


The Manfrey home was an impressive mansion in a nice, safe neighborhood. But was any neighborhood really safe these days? Cinthia noted the elaborate landscaping around the house and sophisticated decorations inside that she had ignored during her visit that morning. Now every little detail might hold important evidence. Mrs. Angela Manfrey answered the door with a surprised look on her face.


“Why, hello, I didn’t expect to see the police back so soon. What can I do for you?” she asked politely.


“Mrs. Manfrey, I was here this morning, but I am Sgt. Cinthia Williams and this is my partner Ben Michelson.”


“It’s nice to meet you. Please, call me Angela. Won’t you come in and sit down.” Did she really just bat her eyelashes at Ben? Her husband had only died just this morning!


“As a matter of fact, that would excellent. We need to ask you a few questions, Angela,” Ben said.


“Can I get you a cup of chai tea?” Angela asked without taking her eyes off Ben as they sat on a plush couch in a fancy parlor directly to the right of the front door.


“No thank you,” Ben said quickly. “Angela, when was the last time your saw your husband alive?”


“Well, he didn’t come home until close to ten o’clock on Monday night, and I was already in bed. I heard him come in, but then I was fast asleep.”


“Did your husband wake you up during the night?”


“Yes, as a matter of fact, he did. He was tossing and turning non-stop. It was irritating. He said something to me at one point about feeling nauseous, but I figured he was a big boy and could take care of himself.”


“Did he actually vomit? Or did he tell you about feeling oddly in any other way?”


“Like I said, my husband was a big boy. I don’t know if he vomited or not. I wasn’t going to lose a night’s sleep over it. If he needed me, he would’ve gotten me up to help him. I slept, thought not well, till I early Tuesday morning, when I found Kirk dead. Why are you asking all these questions, anyway?”


“I’m afraid we have some bad news,” Ben said, nodding for Cinthia to take over.


“How bad could it be? My husband is dead. It can’t get much worse than that.”


“Mrs. Manfrey,” Cinthia replied, “Your husband’s autopsy report revealed that his death was no accident. He was poisoned.”


“Oh dear me, no! You don’t think I did it, do you?”


“We don’t know who did it. Maybe it was you, you’re certainly a prime suspect; but then again, maybe not. We’d like to ask you some more questions.”


“I can assure you, I did not kill my husband. I would be more than happy to help you in your investigation in any way possible. What would you like to know?”


“Well, for starters, how was your marriage with your husband?”


“You know, it had its ups and downs, but we pull through the downs. My husband liked to look around at other women a lot, so we had a bit of a rocky spell for a while. Nothing that love and devotion to keeping a family together couldn’t fix.” As she spoke she seemed to look at Ben for a reaction.


“I’m glad to hear you’re dedicated to preserving family, Mrs. Manfrey. I understand that you and your husband have a daughter?”


“Yes, Lydia. My pride and joy. She’s upstairs if you’d like to meet her.”


“In a few minutes that would be nice, but we have a few more questions for you first. What was your husband’s job like? Did he work long hours?”


“Kirk worked as an associate in a law firm. He’d been there for three years and was hoping to make partner before too long. He graduated from Vanderbilt University undergraduate and law school, you know. And yes, he worked long hours quite frequently. Most Saturdays he spent in the office, and many nights he didn’t get home till well after dinner—say, 8 or 9 o’clock.”


“Do you have any reason to believe that your husband went anywhere besides the law office when he worked late?”


“No, not really. He was dedicated to his job. I think he went out to eat a lot, but mostly with clients.”


“Did he have any enemies? Anyone who would want him dead?”


“Not that I’m aware of. Perhaps you should talk to the law firm about that. I know that he worked some criminal cases last year.”


“Alright, thank you, Mrs. Manfrey.” After interviewing Lydia Manfrey, who was only seven years old, and gleaning very little helpful information, Cinthia and her partner left the Manfrey mansion without much to go on.


The next morning Cinthia and Ben were at the door of the law firm before opening. Stenciled into the glass door panels in black and gold lettering Cinthia read Schwinn & Jacobs, Partners at Law. She vaguely remembered seeing an ad on television advertising that these brilliant lawyers were the ones for you. Not anymore for one of your associates, she thought. After waiting an interminably long time in the reception area till the lawyers got there, Cinthia and Ben were impatient and frustrated by the time they were ushered into an opulent conference room where head partners Joseph Schwinn and Eleazar Jacobs awaited them. Once they went through formal introductions and explained Kirk Manfrey’s death to his bosses, Cinthia cut right to the chase.


“Did Mr. Manfrey have any enemies in your firm?”


“None that would kill him,” Schwinn took the lead, “ I can assure you of that. There are other associates that are, or should I say were, competing with him for a spot as partner, but all hostilities between the competitors were quite civil, really.”


“Don’t you think that’s a bit contradictory, Mr. Schwinn?”


“Miss, uh, what did you say your name was?”


“Sgt. Williams.”


“Sgt Williams, the legal world is extremely competitive. Whoever doesn’t make partner will be forced back out into the job market and, quite frankly, there are very few prospects these days. Each man must do what he must to be the best. Nothing violent, just hard work, you see.”


“I understand. All the same, we will need to interview Mr. Manfrey’s ‘competitors.’”


“Alright. That can be arranged. Is there anything else you would like to know, or may we return to our busy schedules?”


“Did Mr. Manfrey have an clients who might be upset with him? Or what about the opposing side in one of his cases?”


“Mr. Manfrey has not been assigned to any big-time criminal cases. Those are saved for partners. Perhaps he made someone mad, but I doubt that any of his clients or opponents would be so angered as to murder him. His specialty was civil cases; property disputes, estate folds, etc. Nothing to kill someone over, really.”


“Thank you. That’s all for now, but we may be back for more.”


Cinthia and Ben spent the entire morning and the larger part of the afternoon interviewing lower-ranked partners, associates, secretaries, errand boys, anyone at the firm who might know anything valuable at all. Finally, they met someone who knew something that might prove to be a lead—Kirk Manfrey’s co-associate Fred Snyder, who shared a small office space with him.


“How would your describe your relationship to Kirk Manfrey?” Ben asked Snyder methodically.


“Well, we shared this office space, so we saw a lot of each other. We both, of course, aspired to becoming partners, but we really didn’t consider one another competitors. We were best friends. We roomed together in law school at Vanderbilt and than somehow both landed jobs at this firm right after graduation.”


“Did anyone else from you class at Vanderbilt work here?”


“No, and I don’t think that anyone else applied to be honest. I mean, who wants to practice law in New Mexico after getting a degree in Tennessee? We weren’t exactly the top of our class, you see.”


“Okay. Did anything unusual happen in the last several days? Like did Manfrey act strangely or receive a threat or anything?”


“Well, as a matter of fact, he received an unusual phone call on Monday morning. He told me about it over lunch. A guy that graduated from high school with him called him up, said he’d moved to the area and seen his name in some Schwinn & Jacobs ad, and wanted to reconnect. Kirk said he couldn’t quite put a face with the guy, but he remembered the name in connection to high school, so he agreed to meet the guy for dinner. He thought he was one of his former football buddies or something.”


“What was the guy’s name? Do you remember? Did he tell you?”


“Let’s see, he did. Something Vaughn… started with an ‘r’…Russell I think? Yeah, that’s right. Russell Vaughan.”


“Great. You’re doing just fine Mr. Snyder, just a few more questions and we’ll be through. Did he say when and where he agreed to meet Russell Vaughan?”


“Monday night. He finished up his work early that night, well, at least, early for him. Usually he leaves for home around 8 o’clock, but he was out of here by 6:15 PM Monday night. He said he was going to some Indian restaurant. I can’t remember the name of it. I’m not a big fan of Indian cuisine myself.”


“Alright. Thank you Mr. Snyder, you’ve given us something to go on.”


Back at the Albuquerque police department Cinthia ran Russell Vaughan’s name through the system while Ben searched for Indian restaurants in Albuquerque. Nothing much turned up on Vaughan. He had been charged with a minor in possession of alcohol at age sixteen, but his record had later been expunged. Other than that he had a few speeding tickets, but no criminal activity. Even after seeing his photograph in the system, Cinthia only vaguely remembered seeing the guy in the hallway a few times at their high school. Maybe they’d had a few classes together, but she couldn’t be sure. Ben discovered two Indian restaurants on opposite sides of town. Two wasn’t so bad; they’d expected to find at least ten.


At the first restaurant, Taj Mahal Indian Cuisine, Cinthia and Ben flashed around photos of both Manfrey and Vaughan, but none of the wait staff had seen either of them. No one had any useful information, so they drove across town to the only other avenue left in this lead. As they entered Royal India Cuisine, they began the same procedure they had implemented in the other restaurant of flashing the photos and questioning the wait staff. This time, they got a response on the first try.


“This man is my boss, the owner of Royal India Cuisine,” said the maitre’ d, tapping a long, painted-red fingernail on the photo of Russell Vaughan. “Is he in some kind of trouble?”


“We just need to ask him a few questions,” Cinthia reassured the girl. “Where might we find him?”


“Well, you actually came at a good time because he’s in his office still. It’s right around the corner there,” she said pointing down a hallway in that back that led to the kitchen and bathrooms. “Come on, I’ll take you to him.”


“Mr. Vaughan, there’s some police officers here to see you,” the girl said as she ushered them into his small managerial office and then quickly headed back to her station by the front door. As they entered, Cinthia saw a startled look on Vaughan’s face that he quickly smoothed into a smile. After introducing themselves, they began questioning him.


“Did you have dinner with this man, Kirk Manfrey, on Monday night?” Cinthia asked, showing Vaughan the photo.


“Yes, I did. Is that a problem?”


“Well, it all depends. Could be. How did you know Manfrey?”


“From high school. I moved to the area a few months ago and I found out that he lives here as well, so I contacted him. You know, new place, new faces; it’s nice to have a face that you recognize.”


“Were you and Manfrey close friends in high school?”


“No, not really.”


“Are you aware that Kirk Manfrey was found dead on Tuesday morning in his home?”


“No, I was not. How awful! What happened?”


“We thought you might know something about that, Mr. Vaughan.”


“You don’t think I killed him do you? He left here around 8:45 PM on Monday night after we ate dinner and he seemed quite alright then.”


“What did Manfrey have to eat for dinner?”


“Let me see, I’m not sure if I can remember.”


“It was only a day ago, Mr. Vaughan. I’m sure you can remember. You work in the food business; food is your livelihood. I’m sure you remember what he ate. I remember what I ate Monday night—a grilled cheese sandwich, a can of Campbell’s tomato soup, a glass of ice water…”


“Alright, alright. I get your point. I believe he had two of our house specialties—Spinach Curry and Lamb Bhuna. They are quite delicious, a real taste of India.”


“Did you, Mr. Vaughan, poison Mr. Manfrey?”


“What? Are you serious? That’s preposterous! Why would I do a thing like that?”


“That’s what we’d like to know, Mr. Vaughan. May we search the premises?”


“Can I see a search warrant, please?”


“We don’t have one, but don’t worry, we’ll get one.”


As Cinthia and Ben stepped outside the restaurant at the demand of the angry proprietor, they discussed the case.


“I think he did it, or at least knows something about it,” Cinthia said. “Did you see how defensive he got?”


“Yea, I do too. Let’s get that search warrant.”


Within an hour they miraculously had the warrant in their hands, and forensics was combing the place. Vaughan sat on a barstool, visibly nervous and angry while they searched his office. In a discreet corner of the pantry in the kitchen Ben found an unfamiliar purplish flower. As he brought it out to ask Cinthia about it, Vaughan’s eyes grew wide and he bolted for the door. He didn’t get far because Cinthia side tackled him, pinning him to the floor and cuffing him quickly before he could get away. With her knee on Vaughan’s back riveting him firmly to the ground, Cinthia looked up at her partner breathlessly and said, “Ben, that’s it! That’s aconite! It looks just like the pictures Marcia showed me at the lab. I think we’ve got our killer!”


Ben smiled and stepped forward to help Cinthia up and read Russell Vaughan his Miranda rights. “You are under arrest for the murder of Kirk Manfrey. You have the right to remain silent. Everything you say can and will be used against you…” When he finished, Vaughan was laughing.


“I’m surprised your stupid police department even figured out that Manfrey was murdered, but you know what, I don’t care. You’re right, I did it! I killed the bastard. It was all too easy, but I got justice. I got revenge.”


“Why did you do it?” Cinthia asked.


“You don’t know? I’m surprised you didn’t do it before me. Do you not remember that son of a bitch from high school? He beat me up in the locker room more than once. When they said I got a broken nose in practice and couldn’t play any more football my senior year, it ruined my chances of going to college. But I didn’t break it in practice—Manfrey did it to me in the locker room.”


“Why didn’t you just turn him in?”


“I couldn’t. He blackmailed me! Said if I ever told on him marijuana would mysteriously appear in my belongings and an anonymous tip would set the school officials on me immediately. I didn’t have a chance. No one would’ve believed me, a third string running back, over the star football player, especially after I’d already been arrested for a minor in possession of alcohol, which was also his doing, mind you. But that’s not all, oh no, not at all. He cheated off me on every test, from sixth till twelfth grade. He stole my lunch money. Knocked up my girlfriend. Worst of all he had his dad fire my mom from her job. We were dirt poor trying to live off her measly secretarial wages as it was, but that just completely ruined us. That bully, he not only manhandled me during school but he immobilized me so that when my mom developed cancer, we had no way to pay for treatment. She died within three months. It was all that bastard’s fault. He got what he deserved.”


Later, when Russell Vaughan was behind bars and Cinthia and Ben were back in their office finishing up paperwork before calling it a night, Ben said, “You know, our conversation yesterday sure is ironic. You really could’ve been the killer, Mt. Vesuvius.”


Half-heartedly throwing a punch his way, Cinthia replied, “I know. I was thinking about that too. I guess hate, not just aconite, is the queen of all poisons.”

Divorce Dialogue

“Are you drinking again?”

“Wouldn’t you if you were in my shoes?”

“I’m not criticizing you. I’m just worried is all.”

“Well, don’t be. I’m a big girl.”

“That’s just it. I’m afraid you’re going to do something that you will live to regret.”

“Honey, life’s full of regrets. You should know that by now.”

“I know. I wish it weren’t that way.”

“Yea, me too. But I know this is right. He’s got to go.”

“Maybe so, but I think he’s walking all over you.”

“I want to be nice. This wasn’t supposed to be one of those hostile divorces like you see on Divorce Court on tv.”

“I know, but this is divorce. You have to stand up for yourself. All’s fair in love in war, and this definitely falls under the category of war.”

“I don’t know. I feel like I’ve already gotten so much from him. I’ve gotten Lizzy, after all. He didn’t even fight me over that one. All he wanted for custody rights was two weekends a month, plus he agreed to pay for her college tuition when the time comes. How could I ask for more than that?”

“Sweetheart, he’s just working the system. It’ll make him look better to the courts if he agrees to pay for Lizzy’s college. That way it’ll seem like he actually cares about her.”

“Well, she is his daughter—his only child.”

“That means nothing to him; you know that. How many times have you complained to be about Mike’s absence as a father? How often did you call me in tears because he disrespected you and overturned your decision right in front of Lizzy, teaching her to dishonor you as well? Think about it, Suzanne!”

“I know, Julie! Okay? I know! You don’t have to remind me.”

“I think I do. You’re about to let him walk away with the house, and you certainly aren’t getting sufficient alimony from him. Have you thought about the fact that you might have to get back out in the job market again, honey?”

“I’m just so sick of fighting him. I loved Mike so much! You know that… we were always that couple. Who would’ve ever thought we’d come to this?”

“I know, sweetie, I know. But that doesn’t change reality.”

“I just wish that we could work this out. Maybe I should give him another chance…”

“Suzanne, we’ve been through this before. I never thought I’d be the one saying you should quit on this marriage, but put it on the record—I think you need out of this. There’s no hope left. You’ve tried everything, but you can’t control him. It’s his decision to cheat, to lie. You gave him the second chance—you even went through the emotions of renewing your vows with this guy. You’ve done your part, so now you have to let him go…just don’t let him drag you down with him.”

“Yea, you’re right. But can’t a girl dream?”

“Look honey, if you dream about this, you’re going to end up run over. Mike doesn’t love you anymore, and so he’s not looking out for your best interests. He’s looking out for himself. He’ll drag you through the mud if you don’t wake up to that.”

“I know, Julie. I’ve tried to give him up, to get over him, but I can’t. I still can’t believe all that he’s done to me. Part of me hates him, but part of me still loves him, and I can’t resolve those feelings.”

“It’s okay. You’re still in shock over it all. But you really need to push your feelings aside and think about this from the logical, legal point of view. After you get the settlement worked out, then you can go back to feeling.”

“And you’re sure it’s not hateful to want more money? To expect him to give me the quality of life he promised to provide for me if we’d remained married for another twenty years?”

“Yes, I promise. He promised till death do us part, and since he’s broken that vow, he should provide for you at the least.”

“I don’t want to take all of his money though.”

“Trust me honey, he’s got plenty go to around. You don’t have to worry about him running out of money. Besides, if he simply put some effort into his work he’d move up the food chain faster than you can say so.”

“Yeah, I you’re right. I need to live and let go. If I don’t, then I’m going to end up at destitute drunkard. I’m going to get out of him every penny that I can, and I’m going to show Lizzy that she comes from a long line of strong women. No man is going to bring me down that easily!”

“You can say that again! Now, give me that bottle of wine you’ve been hiding… I think it’s safe to say you don’t need anything stronger than soda with a backbone as stout as yours.”

Leaving Home: When It All Changes

When you’re a child you may throw a temper tantrum and flat-out refuse to do something. You may not budge, forcing someone else to exert power over you to cause you to move or do something. Unfortunately, although you may wish to revert to such childlike behavior when required to do something undesirable as an adult, you are expected to assume responsibility, to man up or suck-it-up and do the task at hand. There is no one there to fouce you to take action, and so you must exert will-power upon yourself to complete the required deed. Temper tantrums are unacceptable. If you don’t help yourself, no one is going to be there to do it for you. It’s do our fail . It’s take action or cease to live life.


All of these thoughts were going through my head as I left home yesterday. It surprised me how I’ve come such a full-circle to feel any remorse at leaving my hometown, the parents, the arguments, etcetera. But I think it has finally hit me, This is it! I am practically on my own already, but come May I’m going to be completely cut free. No more Daddy pasy for this and that. No more summer breaks full of rest and relaxation, fun and freedom. No more school to go back to in the fall. No more hopes of transferring to a larger state university. No more college life. No more drinking-is-illegal. You name it, this is it!


I’ve had such a flood of emotions over the pas couple of days. Finality. Excitement. Remorse. Possibility. Joy. Fear. Anxiety. Freedom. Love. I’ve said goodbye to my grandparents, quite possibility for the last time in this life. That is no easy task to complete dry-eyed, and you can’t cry because they’ll know why. Be strong, I tell myself, but it’s all a sham. I’ve finally grown to appreciate home. Is it too late? Should I ever consider living closer to home again? I don’t understand my parents, and I’ve come to accept that fact, but I love them, I know. I want my relationship with God to grow this year, but I’m scared it won’t. I’m scared I’ll keep making huge mistakes and choosing my desires. And with the gray issues—I have so many of my own beliefs to resolve.


I am flying home tomorrow afternoon. We decided just a few short hours ago. This is perhaps the most spurt-of-the-moment, spontaneous trip I’ve ever taken. It means so much to me that dad would work to book me a flight home for Labor Day Weekend less than twenty-four hours before departure. It’s almost surreal. I mentioned to mom on Wednesday that I wish we’d thought ahead to book a flight for her to come out to school to see me this weekend. Of course, with the grandparents’ health the way it is, leaving town is not an option for her. So we both expressed sentiments that it would be great if I could fly home. Although she said she’d talk to Dad and we’d see, I knew not to get my hopes up. Thursday afternoon she called me to tell me it wouldn’t work out, only to have dad call me about an hour later to ask me if I was still interested in coming home. Although we had some flight credit and frequent flyer miles, it still cost him a couple extra hundred dollars to fly me home. I deeply appreciate this. It’s one huge, tangible way that they are showing their love towards me. Were I to stay here at school, I’d spend a lonely weekend researching, reading, and watching tv, or else getting into trouble I probably should avoid.

Changing Seasons—Summer to Fall: The Struggle I Undergo Each Year

I am sitting in the grass and pine straw in the sun beneath a pine tree in the disc-golf field between the BAC and the US-45 Bypass, between the Lifeway Christian Stores building and the woods near the soccer fields. It is a beautiful Sunday afternoon, four o’clock to be precise. Blue sky (Carolina blue to be exact, even though if Dad were here he’d ridiculously argue that it’s Duke blue) without a cloud to be seen. I can just see one clock face of the belltower, and the jutting lightning rod shooting into the sky like the pointed tip of a bayonet. The grass is still green, although on my walk over here I tread upon several blades that were beginning to turn brown. An American flag in vivid color is fluttering its red and white stripes in the winds, its blue square full of starts partially wrapped around its pole by the chapel. I can just see the night-spotlights of the baseball field above the treetops. Although the sun is still quite warm on my skin, Fall is in the air—that crisp smell that hints of frost soon to come. When I walked by the fountain earlier today, I caught myself looking for the changing color of the leaves. Indeed, in ove of the red maples by the fountain circle I spotted one lone cherry-red leaf amidst the sea of green. I couldn’t help myself—I had to pause and take a picture with my phone. The air feels clean and the sun less harsh, yet I have mixed feelings about the return of the Fall. I dearly love the summer, and I hate to see it go, yet there is a sort of expectancy about the changing of the season that I relish. A hope of things to come. A nearing to a finish line. Of death so that there can be rebirth. I knew the summer must come to an end, but somehow I’m never prepared to let it go. I’m never quite ready to hide my skin under layers of fabric, to dread setting foot outdoors into the chill air, to switch the thermostat to heat from cool. I love the outdoors, the sun on my skin, I hate the cold and would much rather seat. To me, this changing of the seasons brings holiday celebrations of family and giving and love. Such a struggle I have with the passing of the summ

Una comparación de las escrituras de Julia Álvarez, Esmeralda Santiago y Isabel Allende: sus transiciones y motivaciones

La literatura de latinoamericanas que han mudado a los EE. UU. de su patria después de la juventud ha recibido mucha atención recientemente. Aunque tuvieron que luchar contra mucha oposición y la crisis de identidad, Julia Álvarez, Esmeralda Santiago y Isabel Allende han escrita una abundancia de literatura influyente que muestra su viaje a quienes son hoy día.


En primer lugar, Julia Álvarez nació en 1950 en la República Dominicana donde vivía por su primer diez años hasta que sus padres fueron exiliados por razones políticas y se mudaron a Nueva York (Kevane 19). Más tarde ella fue a Middlebury College donde ganó su licenciatura en el inglés y después su maestría de la Universidad de Syracuse en la escritura (Ibid). Después de su graduación, se hizo a ser una escritora bastante prolífica. Publicó su primera colección de la poesía Homecoming en 1984 y lo expansionó y republicó en 1996 (20). Una de sus obras más importantes How the García Girls Lost Their Accents fue publicada en 1991, y es el cuento de madurar de cuatros hermanas dominicanas que trasladan a los EE.UU. (19-20). Trés años después, en 1994, ella escribió su obra más famosa ´´In the Time of the Butterflies´´ sobre las experiencias de algunas hermanas debajo de la dictadura de Trujillo en la República Dominicana (20). Escribió otras obras incluyendo El Otro Lado (1995), ¡Yo! (1997) y Something to Declare (1998) que todos describieron la transición entre dos países y culturas (Ibid).


Segunda, en 1948 Esmeralda Santiago fue nacida la mayor de once hermanos en Santurce, Puerto Rico (Gac-Artigas 245). Cuando tenía trece años en 1961 ella mudó con su madre y siete de sus hermanos menores a Brooklyn, Nueva York, los Estados Unidos, donde su abuela materna ya residía. Aunque movieron por un cambio de situación económica y para escaparse de la padre de los niños, encontraron que la vida en Brooklyn para los inmigrantes no era tan diferente que su vida en Puerto Rico. Sin embargo, Esmeralda Santiago subió éstas dificultades y asistió en el Performing Arts High School en Manhattan. La Universidad de Harvard-Radcliffe le aceptó y ella graduó en 1976 y fue a Sarah Lawrence College para ganar su diploma de maestría. No se hizo una escritora inmediatamente pero, cuarenta años después, en 1994, publicó su primera obra Cuando era puertorriqueña en inglés, y después la tradujo al español (Guzmán 146). Éste es un libro basado en hechos reales que describe su niñez en Puerto Rico hasta su traslado a los EE.UU. Publicó la secuela Casi una mujer en 1999, pero durante el intervalo entre éstos libros ella se publicó El sueño de América en 1996. Entre sus libros recurren algunos temas como
la búsqueda de la identidad personal, la búsqueda de la identidad cultural, la búsqueda de la identificación y la traslación de los sueños a través de los personas en una familia resultado en una situación socio-económico-cultural, en una familia víctima de las corrientes que azotan Puerto Rico, resumen de la cotidianidad de miles de puertorriqueños que abandonan la Isla tras el sueño de una vida mejor. (Gac-Artigas 245). Por eso, sus obras han recibido un buen compenetración entre sus lectores que buscan por el entendimiento de los inmigrantes o por sus propias identidades afuera de sus patrias.


Tercera, Isabel Allende nació en Lima, Perú en el 2 augusto 1942 a Tomás Allende y Francisca Llona Barros (Cox 1). Su padre era ´´uno de los secretarios de la embajada´´de Chile (Allende 47). Aunque sus padres le habían dicho a la madre de Isabel Allende que no debiera casarse con él, se casaron. Cuatro años después se les divorciaron por causa de su matrimonio desastroso aunque tenía tres hijos juntos (Cox 1). Por eso, después del divorcio, Isabel Allende creció en la casa de sus abuelos maternos y nunca más conoció a su padre. A pesar de esto, ella tenía contacto con el primo de su padre, Salvador Allende (Allende 176). Según ella, él ´´fue la única persona de la familia de Allende que permaneció en contacto con [su] madre después que [su] padre se fuera`` (Ibid). Salvador Allende actuaba un papel importante en la vida de Isabel porque él asistió en su primera boda como un testigo y el representativo de la familia de su padre, pero, también, fue su padrino (Cox 2). Porque su abuelo maternal no creía en la educación continuada de la mujer, después de que se graduó del colegio, Isabel Allende empezó a trabajar como secretaria por el Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) a las diecisiete años de edad. También tradujo las novelas de romance al español y narró por una programa de televisión por el FAO para ganar dinero extra (3). Se casó con Miguel Frías en 1962, y ellos recibieron una subvención para visitar la Europa y estudiar en Bélgica el ano siguiente, Juntos tenían dos hijos durante su visita en Europa— Paula y Nicolás s(3-4).


En 1966 volvieron a Chile donde Allende escribió una columna por una revista feminista Paula, y también escribió dramas y por la televisión y unas revistas para niños (Cox 4). En 1972 ella se le conoció a su héroe Pablo Neruda quién le dijo que debe ser una novelista porque escribió hechos inexactos como periodista. En 1970 su padrino ganó la presidencia como el primer presidente marxista en el Oeste, pero el 11 septiembre 1973 Agosto Pinochet condujo un golpe de estado en lo que murió Salvador Allende y que tiró el país en confusión. Dos días después del golpe de estado, Allende empezó a participar en actividades ilegales, las cuales proporcionaron suministros a los pobres y también ayudaron los refugiados políticos que esconderse y huirse del país (Ibid). Eventualmente, Allende y su familia tuvieron que huírseles de Chile en un exilio voluntario a Venezuela para salvar sus vidas. Durante su estancia de trece años, la familia se vino abajo y Allende y su esposa divorciaron después de su matrimonio de 25 años (5-6). Casi dos mesas más tarde en San Francisco, California durante un gira de libro, Allende se le conoció a su segundo esposo, el abogado William Gordon. Se casaron el 17 julio 1988 después de que ella se mudó a los EE.UU. para vivir. Ella se desarrolló en la que Pablo Neruda le dijo a ella años antes y se hizo una escritora tan prolífica. Durante su exilio Allende publicó tres libros: La casa de los espíritus (1982), De amor y sombra (1984), y Eva Luna (1987). Tenían gran éxito alrededor del mundo, y aun en Chile, aunque fueron censurados allí. Desde su traslación a los EE.UU. ha escrita muchas otras obras como El plan infinito (1991), Cuentos de Eva Luna (1992), Paula (1994), Hija de la fortuna (1999), Retrato en sepia (2000), Mi país inventado (2003) y La isla bajo del mar (2009) entre otros (Jehenson 100).

La transición de latinoamericanos a estadounidenses no es fácil de ninguna manera. Por muchos latinoamericanos es una lucha que pelearon para guardar sus identidades con sus patrias, pero al mismo tiempo que encontrarse sus propios lugares y identidades en los Estados Unidos. Al principio, el lenguaje produce tal vez el problema más difícil por los inmigrantes. ¿Cuál idioma deben usar? ¿Necesitan mantener la lengua de su patria o deben cambiar al uso de la lengua común del país en que viven actualmente? Según Bonnie Urciuoli en Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race, & Class, ´´Hegemonically, Spanish itself is regarded as a barrier to class mobility because it displaces English. Accents, ´broken´ English, and ´mixing´ become signs of illiteracy and laziness, which people are morally obliged to control through education´´(26). El lenguaje directamente influye en la colocación en la clase y la raza.


Para los escritores, éstas preguntas suben en la importancia y la dificultad de contestar. Algunos deciden que escribir en su idioma materno, pero otros que usar el inglés. Por ejemplo, porque su educación fue fundamentalmente en el inglés, Esmeralda Santiago es más cómoda que escribir en inglés en vez de su lengua materna, el español. Según ella, ´´Mi idioma literario es el inglés, porque en ese idioma fue que desarrollé mi voz literaria``(Gac-Artigas 249). Aunque tradujo por si misma Cuando Era Puertorriqueña del inglés al español, ella no quiere traducir sus otras obras al inglés porque sabe que hay gente mejor calificadas para esto. También ella piensa que traducir es que re-escribir, y ella quiere desarollar nuevas ideas en vez de los ya realizadas (Ibid). En otros casos los escritores escriben en el español. Por ejemplo, Isabel Allende escribe en el español solo, y tiene traductores que traducen sus obras a otros idiomas. Según John S. Christie en Latino Fiction and the Modernist Imagination: Literature of the Borderlands, ´´In Latino fiction, Spanish is the language of emotion. English is reserved for the practical, the necessary… the blending of languages becomes both the source of imaginative, linguistic experiments and the most direct and obvious spectacle of Latino hybridity´´(72). A veces no se puede expresar a si mismo en un idioma sin usar algunas palabras del otro. Por ejemplo, en sus escritas Esmerald Santiago usa palabras españoles entre el inglés cuando no puede determinar una traducción apropiada (Kevane 135).
Otro problema que escritores encuentran es la idea de la escritura femenina versus la masculina. Éstos tipos de hablar reflejan la cultura de Latinoamérica, la cual es una sociedad machista ante toda. Según Myriam Yvonne Jehenson en Latin American Women Writers: Race, Class, & Gender,
In a society where the natural condition of the male is to be aggressive and that of the female to be self-sacrificing, Latin American women often see themselves primarily as nurturers. Despite extreme poverty, extreme child-bearing, and abusive treatment by men, women find their lives worthwhile because they are mothers. (7)
Por eso, para una mujer que escribir va contra la cultura latinoamericana. Cuando van a los Estados Unidos, esto cambia, y escritoras latinoamericanas tienen la oportunidad a dar voz a su género, pero ya tienen que luchar contra el machismo de su cultura que queda con ellas. Las mujeres que habían sido mencionadas encima ya hicieron realidad a esto por sus obras, y pelean activamente hoy contra los estereotipos en que aun sus madres cayeron. Por ejemplo, en sus obras, Julia Álvarez muestra la convención que madres esperan que sus hijas les emulen a pesar de que si la harían no tendrían control de sus recursos ni de sus maridos cuando ellos les engañan con otras mujeres (Henoa 14) Es un círculo vicioso. Lo que es más, la mayoría de escritoras latinoamericanas son mujeres que tienen el dinero por la educación, el viaje, y para experiencia en otras culturas que no son totalmente dominadas por los hombres (16).


Más que todas otras cosas que encuentran, escritoras latinas tienen una inmensa búsqueda de la identidad, no sola literaria como escritoras, pero, también, por si mismas en la nueva cultura. El lenguaje determina la identidad porque causa el lector que considerar las deficiencias en la lente cultural por la cual ven el mundo (Christie 72). Aunque éste puede ser cierto, muchas latinoamericanos encuentran que los estadounidenses no quieren cambiar sus lentes, y entonces los latinoamericanos tienen que cambiar sus lentes para tener un lugar en los Estados Unidos, pero también tienen que retener las lentes de las culturas de sus patrias. Mucha ficción latino habla del tema de ´´entre mundos.´´ Éste término refiere al marginalidad y prejuicio cultural que sufren los inmigrantes latinoamericanos, y también a la transición de sus sueños y expectaciones por la vida entre sociedades (105). En muchas de sus narrativas, Julia Álvarez usa sus personajes para buscar por el centro de la identidad entre los mundos de los Estados Unidos y el país natal. Ella explora los problemas de ´´identity confusion, ambivalence, and plurality created by gender, class, and national oppression´´ (Henoa 2). Muchos latinos preguntan a si mismos si son ya latinos de sus propias patrias o si son estadounidenses. La puertorriqueña Esmeralda Santiago dice que, cuando vivía en los Estados Unidos, d ella sentía como nunca había dejado de la Isla (Kevane 132). En contraste, Julia Álvarez dice que, después de la muerte de Trujillo (el dictador en la República Dominicana), ella y su familia se dieron cuenta de que fueron ´´Dominican Americans´´porque no fueron cambiado totalmente a ser estadounidenses del corriente dominante, pero no fueron dominicanos reales ninguna más. Fueron como híbridos (22).


Además de todos éstos problemas que encuentran, Julia Álvarez, Esmeralda Santiago, y Isabel Allende escriben por muchas diferentes razones y en muchas maneras únicas. Primer, sus estilos son diferentes. Julia Álvarez escribe la ficción en el inglés y en el español. La mayoría de sus obras son cuentos de madurar que representa la crisis de identidad que sufren los inmigrantes latinoamericanos. Al otro lado, Esmeralda Santiago escribe cosas basadas en hechos reales, pero en el inglés. Su primer obra y su séquela es el cuento autobiográfica que ´´provee una perspectiva fresca y natural de una niña que necesita aprender a ser parte de dos tierras y disfrutar de ser dos personas en una``(Gac-Artigas 251). Siguiente Isabel Allende implementa la ficción que lleva la influencia de la realidad pero también contiene elementos fantásticos. Aunque ella principalmente escribe la ficción, ella también ha escrita libros basados en hechos reales, como su libro Paula sobre la muerte de su hija. En su ficción Allende representa los sentimientos y las emociones comunes entre toda la humanidad en la historia del mundo, como la justicia, la búsqueda por la verdad, la pasión, el amor, el odio, y la violencia (Pinto 39). Una táctica que implementa Allende es que ella intenta que socavar la seriedad de sus temas. Distrae de la seriedad por el erotismo y el fatalismo(Jehenson 101-102).


Los propósitos por qué escriben discrepa entre cada autora. Según Julia Álvarez, ´´My mother and all the women in my family were great story-tellers, so I grew up in a folk culture where stories were very important´´(Kevane 20). Además de los cuentos, ella ha escrita mucha poesía en la cual Walt Whitman y Emily Dickinson tenían la influencia (22-23). Lo que es más, su familia fue exiliado a los Estados Unidos de la República Dominicana por razones políticos, no económicas, y ella querría describirlo. En el tiempo de las mariposas, por ejemplo, es un libro bastante político. En sus obras como ¡Yo! y How the García Girls Lost Their Accents, Álvarez se le ocupó con las cuestiones de la identidad para los inmigrantes latinas.


Siguiente, Esmeralda Santiago empezó a escribir cuando se dio cuenta de que no había literatura que describe la situación de inmigrantes como ella. Fuera muchos libros sobre otros jóvenes pero no sobre los jóvenes latinoamericanos (y específicamente puertorriqueños) que han traslado a los Estados Unidos. Ella dice que
I think my task is to give voice to people who don´t have the skill, ability, time, or craziness that I have. My characters will always be those people who can`t speak for themselves. There was no one telling my story. I don´t want that to ever happen to any child or any woman. To see yourself as nonexistent is the worst kind of insult that a person can have. (Kevane 133).
Aunque su razón primario de escribir es que dar voz a los insólitos, también tenía influencias actuales en otros escritores. Cuando estaba en Puerto Rico durante su educación primaria, Luis Pales Mates y Luis Llorens Torres le influyeron. Desde su inmigración a los Estados Unidos y sus estudios allí, ella le había influenciada por los escritores latinoamericanos Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Gabriela Mistral y Rubén Darío. Como dice Lucía Stecher Guzmán sobre la autobiografía en su artículo Entre Peras y Guayabas: Construcciones Identitarias de Esmeralda Santiago,
Así como para las mujeres, también para los miembros de las llamadas minorías o sectores marginales, la escritura y lectura de autobiografías estimula una serie de procesos de conocimiento, reconocimiento, identificación, introspección, que fortalecen la conciencia de la propia valía, así como la confianza de poder asumir roles de agentes activos en sus historias y las de su entorno social.
Santiago no solo escribe por si misma, pero también por otros así como ella que necesitan recibir una voz por la experiencia identitaria que ella describe por el volver a contar de su propia vida.


Isabel Allende escribe por muchas de las mismas razones como las otras pero también con sus propios propósitos. Para ella, escribir es una manera de preservar la memoria, ni solo la historia pero también las leyendas, los mitos y las supersticiones de la gente. Ella ha preservada muchos de éstos por sus libros fantásticos (Cox 26). También, Allende dice que ´´I suppose that it is from feelings of loneliness that questions arise that lead one to write, and that books are concieved in the search for answers´´(12). Puede verlo en la construcción de su libro más famoso La casa de los espíritus porque empezó cuando ella escribió una carta a su abuelo moribundo que transformó en una novela de casi 500 páginas(Pinto 24-25). Tal vez la razón para escribir más importante para Allende es que ella da voz a su género por sus escrituras. En la América Latina, las mujeres no han tenido la voz, y fue una cosa subversiva que desvanecer el silencio (Cox 26-27). A pesar de esto, ella no quiere tener el valor literario por su género porque ella quiere igualar la situación de los marginados, ambos mujeres y hombres, para mejorar el mundo (Pinto 32, 39-40). Según Harold Bloom, sus personajes repiten cuentos para preservar la memoria por la repetición, la cual les otorgan poderes (95). Finalmente, Allende escribe por si misma. Dice que escribir ´´was a kind of therepy for me, a way of drawing out all the sadness that had built up inside, of trying to share the painful experience that I didn´t go through but so many other Chileans did´´(Pinto 29).


En conclusión, Julia Álvarez, Esmeralda Santiago, y Isabel Allende han encontrado muchos obstáculos en el sendero al éxito, pero han tenido éxito a pesar de todo. Han escrito un legado colectivo que representa la memoria de su gente por la posteridad. Aunque el trabajo que contestar todas las cuestiones y resolver todos los problemas no está terminado ya, éstas tres mujeres trabajaron mucho por el resuelto de problemas de inmigración y identidad.








Obras citadas
Allende, Isabel. Mi País Inventado: Un Paseo Nostálgico Por Chile. New York: Harper
Collins, 2003. Print.

Bloom, Harold. Bloom´s Modern Critical Views: Isabel Allende. Philadelphia: Chelsea
House, 2003. Print.

Christie, John S. Latino Fiction and the Modernist Imagination: Literature of the
Borderlands. New York: Garland Pub., 1998. Print.

Cox, Karen C. Isabel Allende: A Critical Companion. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2003.
Print.

Gac-Artigas, Priscilla. Reflexiones: Ensayos Sobre Escritoras Hispanoamericanas
Contemporáneas. Vol. II. New Jersey: Ediciones Nuevo Espacio, 2002. Print.

García, Pinto Magdalena. Women Writers of Latin America: Intimate Histories. Austin:
University of Texas, 1991. Print.

Guzmán, Lucía S. "Entre Peras Y Guayabas: Construcciones Identitarias De
Esmeralda Santiago." Revista de Estudios Hispánicos, U.P.R. XXXIII.1 (2006): 139-53. Print.

Henao, Eda B. The Colonial Subject's Search for Nation, Culture, and Identity in the
Works of Julia Alvarez, Rosario Ferré, and Ana Lydia Vega. Lewiston, N.Y.: E. Mellen, 2003. Print.

Jehenson, Myriam Yvonne. Latin-American Women Writers: Class, Race, and Gender.
Albany: State University of New York, 1995. Print.

Kevane, Bridget A., and Juanita Heredia. Latina Self-portraits: Interviews with
Contemporary Women Writers. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 2000. Print.

Urciuoli, Bonnie. Exposing Prejudice: Puerto Rican Experiences of Language, Race,
and Class. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1996. Print.

Isabel Allende: "Dos Palabras"

Isabel Allende ha recibido mucha atención por sus obras literarias. Su libro Cuentos de Eva Luna contiene una colección de cuentos que ella escribió principalmente en Los Ángeles en los meses después del casamiento con su segundo esposo mientras ella las organizó su casa y su familia. Aunque no tienen la riqueza de detalles y episodios de sus novelas, los cuentos cuentan breves historias que reflejan la vida actual de Isabel Allende durante no solo su tiempo en Chile, pero también representa su exilio en Venezuela y su vida corriente en los Estados Unidos. Dos palabras es un ejemplo excelente de ésto.


Antes que puede entender la importancia de Dos palabras, necesita conocer algunos aspectos de la vida de la autora, Isabel Allende. Ella nació en 1942 en Lima, Perú, la hija de uno de los secretarios de la embajada para Chile (Pinto 23). Sus padres, Tomás Allende y Francisca Llona Barros, se casaron a pesar de que sus padres pensaron que su casamiento sería un desastre. Fue desastre, y se lo disolvieron solo cuatro años después, pero no sin tres hijos (Cox 1). Por eso, Isabel Allende crecía en la casa de su abuelo maternal en Santiago, Chile sin conocimiento de su padre (Mi país 47-48). El único pariente paternal con que ella tenía contacto fue su sobrino segundo que también era su padrino, Salvador Allende, quien sería elegido como el presidente socialista de Chile en 1970 (176). Después del colegio, a la edad de diecisiete, Isabel Allende trabajó por el Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) porque su abuelo pensaba que mujeres no debieran recibir enseñanza superior (Cox 3). Para ganar dinero extra, Allende tradujo novelas románticas y también narró una brevísima programa de televisión por el FAO (4). En 1962 ella se casó con su primer marido, Miguel Frías, y, un año después, ellos se recibieron una subvención para estudiar en Bélgica y viajar por Europa. Durante su estadía en Europa ella se dio luz a sus dos hijos Paula y Nicolás. En 1966, cuando volvieron de Europa a Chile, ella escribía por la revista feminista Paula, y también por unas revistas de niños, la televisión, y las dramas. En 1972, ella se conoció a Pablo Neruda, quién era como un idilio literario de ella. Aunque le insultó con sus comentarios que ella fue una periodista mala que malhecho la realidad, él predijo que ella sería una gran novelista sin ser consciente (Ibid).


Con la elección de su padrino Salvador Allende en 1970, comenzó una nueva fase en la vida de Isabel Allende. Dentro de poco después, en 11 septiembre 1973, Agosto Pinochet, el líder de las Fuerzas Armadas de Chile, guió un golpe de estado contra la presidencia socialista de Allende en lo que se murió Salvador Allende (Erro-Perralta). Tiró Chile en un estado de confusión. En menos de dos días después del golpe de estado, Isabel Allende empezó a trabajar con grupos secretos que remitieron fundos y comido a los peores y los refugiados políticos del país (Ibid). Eventualmente, Allende y su familia tuvieron que huírseles de Chile en un exilio voluntario para salvarles sus vidas. Huyeron a Caracas, Venezuela donde vivieron por los trece años siguientes (Cox 5). Durante su estadía, la familia fracasó y Miguel Frías y Isabel Allende se divorciaron después de su casamiento de 25 años (Ibid). Pero su exilio no era totalmente fracaso. Según ella, ´´The truth is that I´m a journalist and I´ve always worked as a journalist. I never had a literary vocation until I left Chile``(Pinto 24). Durante su exilio Allende publicó tres libros: La casa de los espíritus (1982), De amor y sombra (1984), y Eva Luna (1987) (Jehenson 100).


La tercera fase de su vida empezó casi dos años después de su divorcio, mientras una gira de libro, cuando Allende se conoció a su segundo esposo, William Gordon, en San Francisco. Se casaron en 17 julio 1988. Ella mudó a los Estados Unidos donde ya reside y escribe libros de su patria y su gente basados en su experiencia personal. Mientras su vida en los Estados Unidos como recién casada, ella escribió Cuentos de Eva Luna, en lo que está el cuento Dos palabras, porque cuentos fueron más fáciles que escribir que novelas cuando no tenía mucho tiempo (Erro-Peralta). Ha escrita muchas escrituras desde, algunas de las que son El plan infinito (1991), Paula (1994), Hija de la fortuna (1999), Retrato en sepia (2000), Mi país inventado (2003) y La isla bajo del mar (2009) entre otros (Jehenson 100). Las obras de Allende son traducidos en 27 idiomas y han recibido gran éxito alrededor del mundo (Iftekarrudin).


En su escritura, Isabel Allende usa el erotismo, el fatalismo, y otras cosas así para distraerse de la seriedad de lo que representa. También usa elementos románticos en sus obras a pesar de que frecuentemente critica la política por la trama (Jehenson 100-102). Por todo eso ella no critica a un individuo específica, pero critica los problemas generales de su país y continente, incluyendo también los elementos autobiográficos. Según Allende, escritura ``was a kind of therapy for me, a way of drawing out all the sadness that had built up inside, of trying to share the painful experience that I didn´t go through but so many other Chileans did: the experience of a military coup, of all those years of repression´´(Pinto 29). Ella busca por la mejor manera en que dar voz a los marginados del mundo—los que han sufrido por un golpe de estado, las mujeres del mundo latinoamericano que son silenciadas por el machismo, y los que buscan por la identidad entre sus patrias y el país de su inmigración.


Dos palabras es un cuento sobre una pobre niña se llama Belisa Crepusculario. Durante los primeros doce años de su vida, la única cosa que ella tiene que hacer es ´´sobrevivir al hambre y la fatiga de siglos´´(Mujica 601). Durante una sequía, Belisa entierra sus cuatro hermanos y va de su lugar de nacimiento a la costa en busca de una vida mejor. A la costa ella descubre un periódico y aprende como leer y escribir. Porque ella se da cuenta de que ´´aparte de prostituirse o emplearse como sirvienta en las cocinas de los ricos, eran pocas las ocupaciones que podía empeñar. Vender palabras le pareció una alternativa decente´´(602). Así ella tiene un tenderete en que vende palabras. Lee un diccionario una vez pero ella lo tira porque no quiere vender ´´palabras envasadas´´a sus clientes y estafarles (Ibid). Un día, un guerrero se llama Mulato va al pueblo donde ella trabaja y secuéstrela y llévela a su capitán, el Coronel. El Coronel ha oído de ella, y, porque está analfabeto, quiere que ella escribir un discurso político por él para repetir durante su campaña por la presidencia del país. Ella lo hizo y
descartó las palabras ásperas y secas, las demasiado floridas, las que ofrecían promesas improbables, las carentes de verdad y las confusas, para quedarse sólo con aquellas capaces de tocar con certeza el pensamiento de los hombres y la intuición de las mujeres. (604)


Por sus esfuerzas ella carga solo un peso, y da como regalo al Coronel dos palabras secretas por su uso exclusivo. Durante su campaña, el Coronel se ganó la popularidad entre la gente del país. También, él repetía las dos palabras todo el tiempo que ella le había dado, y fueron como la memoria de ella. Enojado, Mulato va en busca de Belisa y vuelve con ella porque pensaba que le curaría al Coronel, pero al fin se dieron cuenta de que ´´no podía deshacerse del hechizo de esas dos palabras endemoniadas`` (606).


De muchas formas, Dos palabras está una autobiografía de la autora, Isabel Allende. Las letras del nombre Belisa pueden ser desmezclados para formar el nombre de la autora: Isabel (Umpierre). Según Luz María Umpierre en su artículo ´´Unscrambling Allende´s ´´Dos palabras´´: the self, the immigrant/writer, and social justice,´´ ´´Allende´s main writings had come after she migrated out of Chile where she, like Belisa, had had to run away from her place of birth for fear of death. It was in Venezuela that her writing of novels began.´´ Aunque peleó con discreción contra la dictadura de Pinochet así como Belisa peleó para sobrevivir el hambre, Allende tenía que huir de su patria para salvarle su vida como Belisa tenía que huir a la costa del mar.


En vez de dar una historia exacta de los eventos que pasaron en Chile debajo de la dictadura, Allende vuelve a contar la verdad pero de una manera discreta que da voz a los que no tienen voz. En Dos palabras la rechaza del diccionario por parte de Belisa lo representa ésta. Allende lo hace como notó Myriam Yvonne Jehenson anterior con el fatalismo y el erotismo. Por ejemplo, Belisa parece que ser destinada que vivir aunque sus hermanos se mueren. También, ella aprende como leer y escribir aunque esto está inverosímil porque, en la América Latina, si no tiene dinero no recibe la educación. Lo que es más, Allende usa el erotismo en el cuento cuando nota que Mulato siente algunos deseos para Belisa.


Siguiente, Luz María Umpierre también dice sobre Dos palabras que ´´the ability to empower [Belisa’s] clients with ownership is important if we take into consideration that the people who seek her are illiterate and poor.´´ El Coronel está analfabeto y viene a ella en busca de un discurso con el cual él se puede ganar la vota de la gente del país. En Latinoamérica mujeres no tiene mucha influencia en la política. Si tienen alguna influencia, usualmente son mujeres educadas de familias adinerados o son las esposas de hombres políticos (Aviel 170). Aunque Belisa es educada, ella va contra lo normal por ser una mujer pobre, soltera, y sin conexiones políticos antes de su secuestro. A pesar de esto, ella tiene el poder sobre él por su conocimiento de la palabra escrita.


Es interesante que Allende escoja una narradora por su cuento. Ella lo hace por la mayoría de sus obras, con la excepción de algunas narradores alternativos en algunos de sus obras, como en La casa de los espíritus. Según ella, ´´In my continent, women have been condemned to silence, and speaking up, having a voice, is a very subversive thing for a woman´´(Cox 26-27). Las palabras de Belisa imbuirla con el poder, y más importante el poder sobre el hombre el Coronel (Erro-Peralta). Ella ha encontrada el poder de palabras (Buedel).


Allende dice que ´´someone told me I write about feelings, values, and emotions that are common to all human beings at any point in history. Love, hate, justice, violence, the search for truth, for passions and obsessions``(Pinto 39). No solo por eso ella une gente en Dos Palabras. Ella implementa el poder de palabras para unir Belisa y el Coronel en el cuento así como unir la gente del país con el Coronel por el discurso que Belisa le ha dado (Levine).


En conclusión, Dos palabras es un buen ejemplo de la escritura de Isabel Allende. No solo es autobiográfica en carácter, pero también da voz a la mujer y el marginado mientras muestra el poder de la palabra.








Obras Citadas
Allende, Isabel, and Farhat Iftekharuddin. "An Interview with Isabel Allende." Short
Story Criticism 65 (2004): 3-14. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Jan. 2010.

Allende, Isabel. Mi Pais Inventado. Barcelona: Debolsillo, 2003. Print.

Aviel, JoAnn Fagot. "Political Participation of Women in Latin America." The Western
Political Quarterly 34.1 (1981): 156-73. JStor. Web. 23 Jan. 2010.

Buedel, Barbara Foley. "Magical Places in Isabel Allende's Eva Luna and Cuentos De
Eva Luna." West Virginia University Philological Papers 53 (2006): 108. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Jan. 2010.

Cox, Karen Castellucci. Isabel Allende: a Critical Companion. Westport, Conn.:
Greenwood, 2003. Print.

Erro-Peralta, Nora. "Isabel Allende." Modern Latin-American Fiction Writer: Second
Series 145 (1994). Literature Resource Center. Web. 23 Jan. 2010.

García, Pinto Magdalena. Women Writers of Latin America: Intimate Histories. Austin:
University of Texas, 1991. Print.

Jehenson, Myriam Yvonne. Latin-American Women Writers: Class, Race, and Gender.
Albany: State University of New York, 1995. Print.

Levine, Linda Gould. "The Stories of Eva Luna." Short Story Criticism 65 (2004): 75
93. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Jan. 2010.

Mujica, Bárbara. "Dos Palabras." Texto Y Vida: Introducción a La Literatura
Hispanoamericana. San Diego ;Philadelphia: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publ., 1992. 600-06. Print.

Umpierre, Luz Maria. "Unscrambling Allende's "Dos Palabras": The Self, The
Immigrant/Writer, and Social Justice." MELUS 27.4 (2002): 129-36. Academic OneFile. Web. 20 Apr. 2010.